Using data from a vast genomic analysis of more than 2,000 samples taken from individuals in 57 populations throughout subsaharan africa. They are also credited with introducing iron working in uganda. About 3,000 years ago, speakers of the bantu language began to migrate south and east. The bantu migration was one of the first formative events in african history. The bantu expansion is a major series of migrations of the original proto bantu language speaking group, who spread from an original nucleus around west africacentral africa across much of subsaharan africa. The spread in the use of iron technology and knowledge. Modelling the spread of farming in the bantuspeaking. Reasons for the bantu migration the reasons for the migration of the bantu are not known but they most likely included the following. As the bantus migrated from southern africa northwards, they assimilated different people, and developed. During a wave of expansion that began 4000 to 5000 years ago, bantuspeaking populations today some 310 million people gradually left. The bantu peoples passed on many concepts to the rest of subsaharan africa. The genetic legacy of western bantu migrations article pdf available in human genetics 1174. A short informative documentary about the great bantu migration.
The bantu branch of africans are hebrew israelites part. The bantu expansion is the name for a postulated millennialong series of migrations of speakers of the original proto bantu language group. Where bantu speakers are involved, the bantu migration model is often relied on for the. A member of any of a large number of linguistically related peoples of central and southern africa. The bantu expansion is a major series of migrations of the original protobantu language. This document is confined to the bantu as a major linguistic group in africa whose existence is in record up to about 5000 years ago. Causes and effects of human migration article khan academy. This one page historical reading plus one page of questions gives an overview of the bantu people and the bantu migration. This expansion commonly referred to as the bantu expansion is linked to the spread of. They state that the cultural change was a result of interaction and mutual borrowing from societies rather than migration. The origins of crossborder migration in southern africa the southern african migration project has conducted nationally representative migration surveys in. Origin bantu is a common term used to refer to the over 400 different ethnic groups of africa stretching from south of the sahara desert to south africa that have similar languages and to some extent customs.
Sometimes they migrate in search of new opportunities. A video lesson is used to explore the migration of these people and what they spread along the way. Originating from nigeria in the niger river valley, the bantu migrated south and then spread to both the east and west. They moved due to the fear of famine, which broke out due to overcrowding and drought. The bantu were the first to develop language and provide historians with an idea about africas. Pull factors why people might be attracted to a new place. The bantu speaking peoples migrated from western africa near modernday nigeria southward and eastward, spreading out across all of the southern half of the african continent.
There are two versions as to how the bantu migrated. Bantu migration routes from cush and the island of meroe. Bantu migrations the bantu migration was one of the first major events in african history. The bantu expansion, or a postulated millennialong series of migrations of speakers of the original proto bantu language group, originated from the adjoining regions of cameroon and nigeria about 3,000 years ago, eventually reaching south africa around 300 ce. With them, the bantu brought new technologies and skills such as cultivating highyield crops and ironworking which produced more. Migration is the movement of people from one place to another with the intent to settle.
Brief history of the bantu migration into south africa. Bantu is a term used in different contexts to mean different things. Separate files for electronic postings including separate fillable pdf files for student answers and esubmission. The amazing bantu migration and the fascinating bantu people. Having the understanding that the bantu are israelites. The bantu migration being the largest migration in history, influenced two thirds of african language. The original homeland of the bantu people was in the area on the border of modern nigeria and cameroon. Early african societies and the bantu migrations early agricultural society in africa egypt was the most prominent of early african societies, but it was by no means the only agricultural society, nor even the only complex, city. E by the eighth century, bantu speaking people had reached east africa. The following effects resulted from the bantu migration to the south. Examine how they influenced africa with their language and culture. That the migration of bantu speakers came after their development of agriculture seems to be confirmed by the fact that across bantu languages there are cognate historically related words for many crops, including yams and oilbearing palms, and for domestic goats.
Its necessary to understand this if you want to understand how modern africa came to be. Over several millennia, the bantu have migrated in all directions, carrying the iron age into many areas. Bantu are the speakers of bantu languages, comprising several hundred indigenous ethnic. Bantu migration was one of the reasons for africas diverse cultures and languages. Bantu migrations free zimsec revision notes and past. The bantu migration refers to the geographic spreading over africa, from a. Bantu migration theory definition of bantu migration.
The bantu includes groups like the baganda, banyoro, batoru of uganda, akamba, kikuyu and many others. History of the bantu speaking people history essay. It examines factors that cause migration, as well as the pat. Under the bantu expansion migration hypothesis, the bantu peoples would have assimilated andor displaced a number of the presumed earlier inhabitants that they came across, such as pygmy and khoisan populations in the centre and south, respectively. Pdf what are the causes of human migration and the. What are the causes of human migration and the effect on the sending andor host country. The current area occupied by bantu languages is shaded in grey, and the extent of the rainforest is. In the process, the proto bantu speaking settlers displaced or absorbed preexisting huntergatherer and pastoralist groups that they encountered. The current distribution of bantuspeaking populations has been found to largely be a. Genetic variation reveals largescale population expansion and. The identity, or even the existence, of abokgind populations in the zairean rabforest remslins uncestain, but the expansion of the bantu has ben broady identxed with the migrations of hunterfmers.
There, many of them lived in small villages and riverbanks. Throughout history, people have chosen to uproot themselves and move to explore their world. Their lives might be in danger it might be hard to make a living. Evidence suggests that the bantu people spread out toward the east and the south through a series of migrations over the period of the first millennium c. Bantu migration theory synonyms, bantu migration theory pronunciation, bantu migration theory translation, english dictionary definition of bantu migration theory. There were improvements in the methods used to make and forge iron. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. There was a difference between the rich and poor, as well as with men and women. Bantu migrations effect effect effect setting the stagehuman history is a constantly recurring set of movement, collision, settlement, and more movement. What were the causes and effects of the bantu migration.
What were the causes and effects of bantu migrations. The bantu migrations had a vast influence on the development of africa. The most obvious among such effects is that they led to the settlement and increased the population of eastern, central, and southern uganda. This was caused by the frequent attacks made by the bantu against the people east africa for land, through wars. Push factors why people might want to leave one place.
New developments in the classification of bantu languages. Bringing together linguistic and genetic evidence to test the bantu. Molecular perspectives on the bantu expansion royal museum for. The climate in their cradle land had become unreliableunpredictable. The linguistic group comprises of about 300600 different ethnic groups totaling to over 100 million individuals across the african continent. Bantu migration theory article about bantu migration. For the first time ever the set of hieroglyphics above leaves an indelible print which traces back the existence of the bantu people during ancient times in the sudan and egypt. The migration of the bantu people from their origins in southern west africa saw a gradual population movement sweep through the central, eastern, and southern parts of the continent starting in the mid2nd millennium bce and finally ending before 1500 ce. By the end of the first millennium divisions had formed. Under the bantu expansion migration hypothesis, the bantu peoples would have assimilated andor displaced a. Pdf the problem of the bantu expansion noisette du. The primary evidence for this expansion has been linguistic, namely that the languages spoken in subequatorial africa are remarkably similar to each other. The 2016 revision key findings and advance tables pdf.
They also say that the bantu language spread from a source from west africa and its spread is not linked to migration of people. The chronological evidence for the introduction of. The bantu migration refers to the movement across the african continent of the various speakers of bantu languages. The great southward bantu migration in africa took place in subsaharan africa south of the sahara desert, over some 2,000 years. The spread of iron production and agriculture was because iron tools made it easier to do farming. Identifying the bantu as the descendants of the israelites extremely important. Effects of the bantu migration the coming of the bantu to uganda had many effects. Teach your students about ancient west africa and the bantu migrations with this lesson plan. Learn about the ancient bantu people and their migrations. Fos reasons thkat are still unclear, guthbe 696971,6970 favoured a. Brief history of the bantu migration into south africa the great southward bantu migration in africa took place in subsaharan africa south of the sahara desert, over some 2,000 years. In this post i would like to establish the fact that the bantu branch of africans, generally concentrated in subsaharan part of the continent, and their related family branches are actually descendants of the hebrew israelites.
1484 500 476 758 1015 346 120 618 1152 474 884 3 1466 573 718 590 503 89 808 1353 652 1214 1239 490 841 1169 153 639 91 1150 106 883 461 1071 1096 384 1285 1029 1217 757 1033 1083 1487 20